For the first time ever, scientists have come up saying the mechanism of how pollution from diesel engine affects human lungs. This is one of the significant component of air pollution with several gases and airborne particles. These particles which are of 20 nanometers in diameter are very harmful to health. When the lung comes across such potentially harmful stimuli, its sensory nerves gives rise to the body to respond, for example, cough. Pharmacological and genetic knock out tools were used by scientists to figure out how the diesel pollution affects human health. It is found that it affects by inducing the activation of TRP ankryin-1 (TRPA1) channel